While the first underground works concerned mountain structures, today, everywhere in France and throughout the world, the basements are used for road, motorway or rail tunnels, but also for many public transport networks as well as for storm sewers, electricity networks or landfill facilities...
There are two types of digging methods. The so-called traditional/conventional method, i.e. with explosives or spot attacks; and excavation with a tunnel boring machine. Preliminary geotechnical studies make it possible to choose the method, depending on the nature of the subsoils encountered. Regardless of the method used, teams of engineers, miners and skilled workers are required in the construction of the structures.
Given the large number of projects launched or in preparation, particularly in Ile-de-France, in this field, the Underground Works activity is the flagship activity of public works for the next 10 years in France.